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135 km/h. The vehicle has armour protection up to CEN Level SR6/  nance disposal, communications, and 107 mm
        SR7 and is available in many variants, including ambulance and fire  rocket launcher. Built to seat the driver, com-
        support. Weighing 8 000 kg and capable of carrying 2,500 kg of  mander and three crewmembers in the patrol
        payload, the ST-500 is 5.65 metres long, 2.4 metres wide and 3.15  version and eight in the attack and interven-
        metres high. While the standard configuration accommodates a  tion version, the optional extras for the ST-100,
        driver, commander and five passengers, the ambulance version  which has a has a top speed of 100-115 km/h
        is designed to carry three crew members and two patients on  and range of 700 km, include a soft kill active   [ LAND  SYSTEMS ]
        stretchers.                                                    protection system, sniper detection system,
                                                                       and a battle management system.
        Bearing a resemblance to the Russian BMP tracked armoured vehi-
        cle, the Sinai-200 infantry fighting vehicle (IFV) provides protection   Also attracting plenty of attention is the Temsah
        of STANAG4569 / Level4B protection against mines. Equipped     (crocodile in Arabic) family of armoured vehi-
        with a 12.7mm remote control weapon station (RCWS) as well as   cles, which has grown to include six vehicles
        a Q-Net to provide protection from RPG attacks, the vehicle has   after the Egyptian Armed Forces fielded the
        been reportedly built with an eye on the export market as well.  original Temsah, now known as Temsah 1, in
                                                                       2015. The 4×4 MRAP, which has a gross vehicle
        With a curb weight of 14,500 kg and payload of 3,500 kg, the   weight of 13.3 tonnes and is capable of carrying
        mine-resistant ambush-protected vehicle (MRAP) 4×4 ST-100 has   a payload of 2,200 kg, is designed produced by
        different variants, including command and control, ambulance,   the Kader Factory for Developed Industries in
        patrol, 81 mm mortar, anti-tank (with six missiles), explosive ord-  Cairo, part of the Egyptian Ministry of Defence
                                                                       Industrial Engineering Complex. The Temsah
                                                                       family comprises Temsah 2 (Temsah Bus), the
                                                                       smaller  Temsah  3  Protected  Patrol  Vehicle
                                                                       (PPV) that was unveiled as a prototype at EDEX
                                                                       2018, Light Temsah, Temsah 4, and Temsah
                                                                       5. Temsah 5, the latest in line, was unveiled in
                                                                       February this year.

                                                                       China Makes a Move
                                                                       In October this year, the Nigerian army took
                                                                       delivery of 60 Type 85 (YW531H), a tracked
                                                                       amphibious  APC  produced  by  China  North
                                                                       Industries Group Corporation (Norinco). The
                                                                       vehicle, which has a maximum road speed of
                                                                       66 km/h and a maximum cruising range of 500
                                                                       km, has a hull made of all-welded steel that
                                                                       provides ballistic protection against the firing
                                                                       of small arms and artillery shell splinters. Able
                                                                       to accommodate a crew of three and up to 13
                                                                       infantrymen in the rear part of the hull, the vehi-
                                                                       cle is propelled in the water by its tracks at a
                                                                       maximum speed of 6 km/h.

                                                                       At the Zhuhai Air Show earlier this year, Norinco
                                                                       also unveiled the VN22, a new 6×6 wheeled
                                                                       armoured vehicle that looks strikingly similar to
                                                                       the eight-wheeled US Stryker but has greater
                                                                       maneuverability due to its smaller pivot radius.
                                                                       The VN22 has the engine compartment on the
                                                                       right side of the hull, the driver on the left, an
                                                                       unmanned turret mounted in the center of the
                                                                       hull and the troop’s compartment at the rear.
                                                                       The front of the hull is built to provide ballistic
                                                                       protection against the firing of 25 mm caliber
                                                                       ammunition while the remotely operated turret
                                                                       is fitted with additional armor protection to
                                                                       increase protection against anti-tank missiles
                                                                       and RPGs.


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